Book reviews 5/12/13

Definitely been slacking on getting some book reviews out there.  The stack of completed books on my desk has become dangerous!  Let’s see if I can break my blog or your web browser with this post.

divine_comedyThe Divine Comedy (Dante Alighieri)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

This one was quite a time commitment to make it though.  I went with John Ciardi’s translation, which seemed quite well done.  It contains tons of notes on what’s going on in the epic poem historically, theologically and what he sometimes translates Dante as he does.  As for the poem itself, it’s very interesting to see what Dante does with Hell, Purgatory and Paradise.  I actually found the first of the two more interesting, as Dante uses far more nebulous imagery all throughout Paradise, which makes it very difficult to understand what in the world (or what in the heaven?) is going on.  My favorite part of the entire poem happens to be when Dante reaches the depths of Hell, climbing down ginormous Satan’s legs towards Purgatory and all of a sudden gravity switches on him and he’s now climbing up… because he’s crossed the gravitational center of the earth.  This was written in the early 1300s… what’s that tell you about all that crap we were fed in school about people thinking the earth was flat? ;)  There’s a ton of other interesting tidbits throughout the poem, but it would take too long to go through here… perhaps you’ll have to check it out yourself.  Oh, one more thing… I listened to a several hour seminar on the poem before I launched into it, which turned out to not really be necessary due to the great amount of notes in Ciardi’s translation.  What did startle me was how many times the teachers were so in awe of the poem and how you should/could spend years studying it.  Too bad they were focusing on the wrong book.

 

peace_childeternity_heartsPeace Child & Eternity in Their Hearts (Don Richardson)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

T picked these books up when Don Richardson visited the church we attend.  He was a missionary to the Sawi people in Dutch New Guinea, and his amazing story of bringing the Gospel to these cannibalistic headhunters is the focus of the first book.  I won’t do this justice, but to summarize the story, this people thrived on treachery against one another, sometimes befriending each other for months just to kill the person for fame and glory for how amazingly you tricked that person.  When Don brought them the Gospel, they loved Judas Iscariot of all people due to his treachery betraying Jesus Christ.  Eventually Don found God planted the Gospel somewhere else in their culture in that the only way they could have peace is for a tribe to give up a "peace child" to another tribe to be raised by them.  When he witnessed them do this, he found they completely turned around when he pointed out to the Sawi that God Himself provided the ultimate, eternal peace child to the world in Jesus Christ.  Like I said, I didn’t do the events justice, so check out the book, or you might even be able to get it straight from Don if the sermon is still available online.  As for the second book, Don describes several other cultures showing that God placed the Gospel message into their history and cultural practices from eternity.  Don’s sermon touches on this material as well.  Definitely plenty of additional food for thought.

 

willing_believeWilling to Believe: The Controversy over Free Will (R. C. Sproul)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

For a relatively short book, R. C. works through much of the major history of the theological debate over free will and God’s sovereignty.  He touches on Pelagius and Augustine, Luther and Calvin and Arminius, Edwards and Finney and Chafer… various important theologians in the debates throughout history.  With such a short book, Sproul does a fairly good job summarizing the main points in the debate attribute to each of them, and I suspect it’s a great starting point to view the landscape before digging deep into the actual writings of each of them, as well as studying the primary reference material… the Bible itself.  As for Sproul’s personal stance/leanings, you’re going to have to read it to find out. ;)

     

AAKS001533Because the Time is Near (John MacArthur)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

John MacArthur is one of our favorite authors, and this was a well-written in-depth study of Revelation with much more material than in his study Bible that T uses.  While I don’t agree with all of his interpretations of the book, I am mostly on his side.  It’s always refreshing to read someone taking a real stance on Biblical passages rather than the wishy-washy stuff you get with some other commentaries.  There’s definitely a place for both types of material, however, since the Biblical text is certainly not perfectly clear.  Given that, I do always appreciate that John finds no problem throwing his understanding out there to see.

 

indoctrinationIndoctrination: Public Schools and the Decline of Christianity in America (Charles Laverdiere)

Rating: ★★★☆☆ 

Honestly, I didn’t read completely through this book since it felt like a repeat of much of what is in the film it accompanies.  It provides detailed reference material and expands on the content of the film, but I feel like I got plenty from the film alone.  The basic premise of the book is that children in public schools are being indoctrinated in secular humanism, which is ultimately destructive to any possible Christian upbringing and to society itself.  That’s a pretty big fish to swallow, and Charles certainly makes a decent go at things.  Ultimately, I see both the film and book as a "teaser" of what’s going on out there and it likely will require more in depth reading of additional material to be convinced of anything.

 

reamdeReamde (Neal Stephenson)

Rating: ★★☆☆☆ 

Perhaps I’ve changed too much over the years, or maybe Neal has lost a bit of his touch with books, but I really didn’t enjoy this book much.  The first 100 pages or so were pretty neat, as it focused on the types of computer games I enjoy playing.  However, I just felt that around the time the story seemed to be complete, it quickly took some crazy turns into left field and it went on and on and on for far too many additional 100s of pages.  Hard to describe without far too many details, so I will instead simply suggest you check out his Snow Crash and Cyptonomicon books instead.

     

brave_new_worldBrave New World (Aldous Huxley)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

For such a short story, it sure is packed with some great stuff.  My neighbor Ken loaned this to me after we were discussing "old" sci-fi books one night, and I am glad to have finally read it.  While there are some boring parts throughout, and perhaps there might be many things simply seen as cliché today, it is filled with a genius vision of what was going to happen (and in many ways has happened) to society in whatever this modern age is we find ourselves in.  Check it out and see if it doesn’t send just a few shivers up and down your spine.

 

gilgamesh_immortalGilgamesh Immortal (Brian Godawa)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

This is the third book in Godawa’s Chronicles of the Nephilim collection, and it focuses on pulling material from the ancient Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh alongside the Bible and other ancient documents.  I had been exposed to the Epic of Gilgamesh almost twenty years ago when I spent too much time digesting Zecharia Sitchin’s The Twelfth Planet paleobabble books, to use a phrase of one of my favorite blogs.  So, it was neat to see how Godawa brought that story into his, attempting to reconcile some of it with the little we find in the Bible of the time period.  While it’s just as conjectural as his previous books, it’s certainly an entertaining ride just like they were.  His fourth book, Abraham Allegiant is already out and waiting on my Kindle "shelf" to be read.

 

twelfth_imamThe Twelfth Imam (Joel C. Rosenberg)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

This is the second time I’ve typed the word "twelvth" in this post (well, now that makes three times) and it still doesn’t look right to me.  Anyway, I’ve read most of Joel’s fictional takes on world events being part of the unfolding of end times events predicted in the Bible, and this is the first of his latest series of books.  One of the most interesting parts I found in the book was the beginning where he basically replays a portion of the 1979 Iranian hostage crisis, which I just so happened to "watch" a couple months later when the Academy Award winning Argo came out on DVD.  Funny timing.  Anyway, Joel always has an eery way of predicting the trend of events in the Middle East, and it will be interesting to see how these latest books turn out.

 

i_and_thoueclipse_godlegend_baal_shemtwo_types_faithI and Thou, Eclipse of God, The Legend of Baal-Shem & Two Types of Faith (Martin Buber)

Rating: ★★☆☆☆ 

I should let T attempt to explain how I ended up reading a whole bunch of books by this Jewish theologian-philosopher.  Holy moly is Buber difficult to understand, but maybe that’s how all philosophers think and write.  I and Thou is apparently his most famous book, and I would suggest simply reading reviews of that book to be far more entertaining as they attempt to justify how each and every completely mistifyingly-incomprehensible statement (at least to me) is utter brilliance.  Here’s just a small taste:

Basic words do not state something that might exist outside them; by being spoken they establish a mode of existence.

Basic words are spoken with one’s being.

When one says You, the I of the word pair I-You is said, too.

When one says It, the I of the word pair I-It is said, too.

The basic word I-You can only be spoken with one’s whole being.

The basic word I-It can never be spoken with one’s whole being.

Perhaps I need to take a full course to understand that one, though I do have to admit after reading the book I at least have a very basic grasp of his premise.  It’s just crazy-weird language to have to muddle your way through.  I suppose that’s the way of the philosopher.  You can read reviews of the other books elsewhere if you’re really interested… they are all quite different from each other.  I just didn’t gain a whole lot from any of them worth passing on today. ;)

 

gospel_starswitness_starsThe Gospel in the Stars (Joseph A. Seiss)

The Witness of the Stars (E. W. Bullinger)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

Now these were pretty cool.  I haven’t dug into the history of these two books, but they happened to both have been written in the late 19th century (1882 and 1895,respectively), which perhaps explains how similar they are.  It appears Bullinger basically adapted Seiss’ material with some of his own thoughts, and it sounded from Bullinger’s intro like Seiss’ book was based on another author’s material as well.  Anyway, the premise of both is that the zodiac and other related constellations are a witness to all of mankind of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, with the idea that its perhaps part of what is meant by Biblical passages like the following ones.

14 And God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night. And let them be for signs and for seasons, and for days and years,

Genesis 1:14 (ESV)

1 The heavens declare the glory of God, and the sky above proclaims his handiwork. 2 Day to day pours out speech, and night to night reveals knowledge. 3 There is no speech, nor are there words, whose voice is not heard. 4 Their voice goes out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. In them he has set a tent for the sun, 5 which comes out like a bridegroom leaving his chamber, and, like a strong man, runs its course with joy. 6 Its rising is from the end of the heavens, and its circuit to the end of them, and there is nothing hidden from its heat.

Psalm 19:1–6 (ESV)

19 For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. 20 For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse. 21 For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking, and their foolish hearts were darkened.

Romans 1:19–21 (ESV)

Their arguments from the history of the constellations in terms of names and pictorial representations of the stars throughout cultures all over the earth can be quite compelling, especially when asking oneself a question like, "how in the world did anyone possibly come up with those stars making the shape of [insert name]?!?!"  You definitely don’t need to read both of these, and they are mostly equivalent.  The funny thing is, I think one of the guys was too far on the side of replacement theology (i.e., that the church has completely replaced Israel) and the other leans too far the other way.  Of course, you could keep it simple and just jump at Seiss’ much shorter version if that’s all you care about. ;)

 

are_we_togetherAre We Together? A Protestant Analyzes Roman Catholicism (R. C. Sproul)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

Sproul has a great way with getting straight to the heart of a matter, and this book is no exception.  Rather than debate on grounds of nebulous arguments between these two groups, as I see so often in other debates, he returns back to the crux why Protestants were originally protesting.  No summary of this already-short book will do it justice, so just borrow it from me sometime.  The basic conclusion is, no, we are not together.  The conclusions of the Council of Trent still stand (those that declared several "anathemas"), many of which well summarize the points on which we differ.  Paul himself warned the Galatians there will be different gospels of supreme importance.

8 But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed.

Galatians 1:8 (ESV)

While there are some anathemas from the council we might actually agree upon, there are plenty enough to indict Protestants’ view of the Gospel, and those are the focus of Sproul’s book.  He concludes those differences still exist, have not been reversed by the church, and that they are still of supreme importance.  For such a short book, I suggest you check out his arguments for yourself.

 

three_views_raptureThree Views on the Rapture: Pretribulation, Prewrath, or Posttribulation (Craig A. Blaising, Stanley N. Gundry, Douglas J. Moo)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

There are several books in the "three views" series, and this is the only one I’ve read so far, which I found out about from Bruce.  I really enjoyed the format of the book, where each author takes a turn at presenting his view, followed by a brief engagement of his material by the other two authors, followed by one last bit of statements from that author in response.  Ultimately, I didn’t really find much to convince me to change how I viewed this difficult part of Scripture.  However, what I did find was much more appreciation for competing views, better realizing how difficult it is for one to be dogmatic on interpretation.  This is great stuff, and I will probably be checking out more books in the series.

 

steve_jobsSteve Jobs (Walter Isaacson)

Rating: ★★★☆☆ 

Grant loaned me this book several months ago.  It’s huge.  So is Steve’s face on the front of the book, which I suppose fits the way I saw his ego through the years (and appears to be backed up by the biography).  Interesting man, but in the end, I found the most interesting material in the biography to be all the reliving of technological events in the history of computing centered around Steve’s life.  There were some great moments from childhood that I was able to relive throughout the book, and while it was hard to view the problematic moments of Steve’s life, reliving my personal memories made the read worth it.

 

complete_visual_bibleThe Complete Visual Bible (Stephen Miller)

Rating: ★★★☆☆ 

This is definitely not the way to study Scripture, but it was a fairly neat book for what it is… namely a summary of each book of the Bible along with pretty pictures related to those books to help you visualize some of the major events.  I found myself at times annoyed with how Miller approached some passages, but overall it was pretty well done, especially considering how short it is.  On a side note, I have The Baker Illustrated Bible Handbook sitting here on my shelf ready to be read, which I expect to be far superior, though perhaps that will be mostly due to being a much larger book.

 

trinityThe Trinity (Edward H. Bickersteth)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

This book was short, sweet and to the point.  Bickersteth does a good job racing through Scripture comparing passage after passage to clearly demonstrate the doctrine of the Trinity is through and through the Old and New Testaments when taken together.  The sheer number of passages where the Father, Son and Holy Spirit share the same exact attributes can actually be pretty startling when viewed all in one place in a book like this.  If reading Scripture alone hasn’t convinced you yet, perhaps this gem will knock your socks off.

 

400_prophecies_Christ400 Prohpecies, Appearances or Foreshadowings of Christ in the Tanakh (Old Testament) (Paul Humber)

Rating: ★★★★☆ 

I can’t exactly remember how I came across this small book summarizing exactly what the title states.  It might have helped my "Jesus in the Old Testament" study a bit if I had picked this one up earlier, but it contains much of the same material in other commentaries and books I use as part of my research.  The best thing about it is that the length is something where you could maybe skip the depth of my blog posts and simply take the high-level good stuff in one sitting and call it all good.  Maybe that will drop my three blog readers down to two, though.  On second thought, forget I said anything. ;)

 

overcoming_sin_temptationOvercoming Sin & Temptation (John Owen)

Rating: ★★★★★ 

Yes, it did just happen to finally end this post on a five-star book.  I picked this one up for free online, which you can download here as well.  This was actually pretty hard to get through due to John’s language and writing style.  It’s a weighty book, but so well worth travelling through if you can be patient and take your time.  It was edited by Kelly M. Kapic and Justin Taylor to be more readable, providing some helpful footnotes throughout.  The actual three books within this book are very interesting, and they do well to explore the nature of the spiritual battle waged daily within ourselves as believers in dealing with this sinful nature we continue to have with us this side of the grave.  Rather than attempt to summarize these, I will leave you with a single passage I found to be most striking.

"The choicest believers, who are assuredly freed from the condemning
power of sin, ought yet to make it their business all their days to mortify the
indwelling power of sin. So the apostle, “Mortify therefore your members
which are upon the earth” (Col. 3:5). To whom does he speak? Such as were
“risen with Christ” (v. 1); such as were “dead” with him (v. 3); such as whose
life Christ was and who should “appear with him in glory” (v. 4).
   Do you mortify;
   do you make it your daily work;
   be always at it while you live;
   cease not a day from this work;
   be killing sin or it will be killing you."

And with that, Owen launches into most of the rest of his material.  Tough read.  Tough love.  But, so is Romans, which should really be your first stop.  After that, let Owen take a shot, too.

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Facebook, Reunion-Slayer

slayerThis year is what could have been my 20th-year high school class reunion.  Doesn’t look like we’re going to bother doing anything formal, though.  My wife’s was last year, and they didn’t really do much either.  According to Facebook pictures I noticed, it looks like hardly anyone showed up.  Just looking through the few pictures of the event, I could almost pretend I was there.  And the idea that I could even do such a thing tells me that Facebook is well on its way to killing the high school reunion.

I guess I shouldn’t be surprised.  After all, what little chit-chat that would have occurred at the reunion wouldn’t tell me much more about anyone, would it?  I mean, I already know where you’re employed.  I know whether you’re married or not.  I’ve watched your kids grow up through pictures.  I know what you cooked last night, what you did to modify that recipe you found on the internet, and if I’m really lucky I saw a picture of how it turned out.  I know what crafts you plan to make this year… unless of course you just pin things on Pinterest and never do anything with them.  I know how badly you need a drink when you get home tonight, not that I’m monitoring you while I’m at work myself or anything.  I know the latest achievements you made on Candy Crush, or whatever other ten Facebook games you’ve been playing.  What’s left to find out at a reunion?

Though, come to think of it, isn’t that random list really just a superficial understanding of my "friends?"  Is that what we’ve become as a culture?  We can tap into each other’s lives 24/7 through the internet, but do we really know anything at all about each other?  Do you really reveal yourself on Facebook, or do you hide your worries, fears, heartaches… or even your greatest joys behind your pictures and status updates?  Or, do you overplay things looking for that instant gratification of seeing 50+ "likes" on your random status update, while that "person" we see is not at all who you are below the surface?  It seems to me, none of us can possibly know each other this way.  Well… unless it’s just me, hiding behind the few photos I’ve bothered to upload.  Would you have been surprised to see me roll into our class reunion in my wheelchair, for example?  Facebook is a completely superficial way of having "friends," wouldn’t you say? 

But, honestly, I realized something else when I got to thinking about my reunion and how Facebook has taken it hostage.  This is the same thing that I’ve been doing with God.  I’ve had this Facebook-like, superficial relationship with Him for years.  When I’m in prayer, I simply give Him a two-liner "status update."  Maybe it’s a quick thanks for something that happened and I’m off to sleep.  Maybe it’s just a quick request for something I want to go well the next day.  There’s no depth to the discussion, and it’s all one-way.  Rather than study His Word, I catch a few cute pictures on Facebook with Bible verses that day and figure that’s good enough for my "daily bread."  I’m a busy guy, after all.  When Sunday morning arrives, I catch a service from an online church and think, "Yeh… that’s enough worship of God for one week."  If I attend church, I hear a superficial sermon and sing superficial "Jesus is my boyfriend" songs, and I call that good enough.  Really?  Jesus Christ, my Lord and Savior, died for me a couple millenia ago, and that’s the relationship I have with Him?  He set me free from the debt I owed God for my sinful life, and this is how things are between us?  How superficial. 

This is the culture we live in, not only with our "friends" in this life, but with our Creator as well, isn’t it?  How far we’ve drifted from David.

4 One thing have I asked of the Lord, that will I seek after: that I may dwell in the house of the Lord all the days of my life, to gaze upon the beauty of the Lord and to inquire in his temple.

Psalm 27:4 (ESV)

David, the man after God’s own heart, prayed to be content to simply gaze upon the Lord.  That’s the kind of relationship I need with Him… the kind of relationship where I am content simply being in awe of God.  Or, perhaps I need the kind of relationship where I won’t feel like a fool in uninhibited worship of my Lord, as David was another time.

16 As the ark of the Lord came into the city of David, Michal the daughter of Saul looked out of the window and saw King David leaping and dancing before the Lord, and she despised him in her heart. 20 And David returned to bless his household. But Michal the daughter of Saul came out to meet David and said, “How the king of Israel honored himself today, uncovering himself today before the eyes of his servants’ female servants, as one of the vulgar fellows shamelessly uncovers himself!” 21 And David said to Michal, “It was before the Lord, who chose me above your father and above all his house, to appoint me as prince over Israel, the people of the Lord—and I will celebrate before the Lord.

2 Samuel 6:16, 20–21 (ESV)

Or, perhaps I need the kind of relationship where I find no greater pleasure than studying and meditating on His Word, as we find throughout the Psalms.

11 I have stored up your word in my heart, that I might not sin against you.

16 I will delight in your statutes; I will not forget your word.

81 My soul longs for your salvation; I hope in your word.

103 How sweet are your words to my taste, sweeter than honey to my mouth!

Psalm 119:11, 16, 81, 103 (ESV)

Perhaps I need to take the plunge into a more mature relationship with and understanding of who my God is.

12 For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you again the basic principles of the oracles of God. You need milk, not solid food, 13 for everyone who lives on milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, since he is a child. 14 But solid food is for the mature, for those who have their powers of discernment trained by constant practice to distinguish good from evil. 1 Therefore let us leave the elementary doctrine of Christ and go on to maturity, not laying again a foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God,

Hebrews 5:12–6:1 (ESV)

After all, Jesus Christ informs us that’s what eternal life is all about.

3 And this is eternal life, that they know you the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.

John 17:3 (ESV)

What better use is there of this brief life I have on earth than to get a head start on knowing God?  I guess maybe Solomon, wisest man on earth, said it pretty well.

1 Remember also your Creator in the days of your youth, before the evil days come and the years draw near of which you will say, “I have no pleasure in them”; 2 before the sun and the light and the moon and the stars are darkened and the clouds return after the rain, 3 in the day when the keepers of the house tremble, and the strong men are bent, and the grinders cease because they are few, and those who look through the windows are dimmed, 4 and the doors on the street are shut—when the sound of the grinding is low, and one rises up at the sound of a bird, and all the daughters of song are brought low— 5 they are afraid also of what is high, and terrors are in the way; the almond tree blossoms, the grasshopper drags itself along, and desire fails, because man is going to his eternal home, and the mourners go about the streets— 6 before the silver cord is snapped, or the golden bowl is broken, or the pitcher is shattered at the fountain, or the wheel broken at the cistern, 7 and the dust returns to the earth as it was, and the spirit returns to God who gave it. 13 The end of the matter; all has been heard. Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the whole duty of man.

Ecclesiastes 12:1-7, 13 (ESV)

Perhaps I should also spend a bit of time again getting to know my "friends" here on earth, for that matter.  Even though we won’t have a formal reunion, I look forward to getting back to my home town during our town’s annual celebration to see who’s around from my class.  I would like to honestly catch up with some old friends, not just continue to have some superficial understanding of who they’ve become over the past 20 years.  Maybe none of them will show up anyway, or maybe we’ll still have superficial conversations, but I think it’s still worth going on the off-chance things are different.  As for my relationship with God, perhaps it’s not too late for that, either.

By the way, if you actually read this far, did you really expect me not to turn a diatribe on Facebook relationships into a spiritual thing?  If that one caught you off-guard, I guess I made my point.  We sure do have a superficial understanding of each other, don’t we?  Sit down with me some time and let me tell you about my Lord and Savior. ;)

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Jesus in the OT – Genesis 23-24

rebekahI guess it’s been long enough since last post in this study, everyone should be quite ready for another lengthy one to take your time with.  In a similar way to Genesis 22′s drama with Abraham and Isaac, we’re going to see another drama played out in Genesis 24 in the search for Isaac’s bride.  But first, we have a quick stop in Genesis 23 on the way.

4 “I am a sojourner and foreigner among you; give me property among you for a burying place, that I may bury my dead out of my sight.” 19 After this, Abraham buried Sarah his wife in the cave of the field of Machpelah east of Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan. 20 The field and the cave that is in it were made over to Abraham as property for a burying place by the Hittites.

Genesis 23:4, 19–20 (ESV)

Abraham was a sojourner in the land, and yet he purchases a portion of it in order to bury Sarah.  Hebrews tells us Abraham was also looking forward to the day when a city would be founded in the land by God.

9 By faith he went to live in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise. 10 For he was looking forward to the city that has foundations, whose designer and builder is God. 13 These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth. 14 For people who speak thus make it clear that they are seeking a homeland. 15 If they had been thinking of that land from which they had gone out, they would have had opportunity to return. 16 But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared for them a city.

Hebrews 11:9-10, 13–16 (ESV)

As followers of Jesus Christ, we are also looking forward to that day when God establishes a new city, and even new heavens and earth, that He establishes.

1 For we know that if the tent that is our earthly home is destroyed, we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. 2 For in this tent we groan, longing to put on our heavenly dwelling,

2 Corinthians 5:1–2 (ESV)

11 Since all these things are thus to be dissolved, what sort of people ought you to be in lives of holiness and godliness, 12 waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God, because of which the heavens will be set on fire and dissolved, and the heavenly bodies will melt as they burn! 13 But according to his promise we are waiting for new heavens and a new earth in which righteousness dwells.

2 Peter 3:11–13 (ESV)

1 Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and the sea was no more. 2 And I saw the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. 3 And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, “Behold, the dwelling place of God is with man. He will dwell with them, and they will be his people, and God himself will be with them as their God. 4 He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall be no more, neither shall there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain anymore, for the former things have passed away.” 9 Then came one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls full of the seven last plagues and spoke to me, saying, “Come, I will show you the Bride, the wife of the Lamb.” 10 And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great, high mountain, and showed me the holy city Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God, 11 having the glory of God, its radiance like a most rare jewel, like a jasper, clear as crystal. 12 It had a great, high wall, with twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and on the gates the names of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel were inscribed— 13 on the east three gates, on the north three gates, on the south three gates, and on the west three gates. 14 And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them were the twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.

Revelation 21:1-4, 9–14 (ESV)

The passage in Genesis also reminds me of a short and sweet parable from Jesus.

44 “The kingdom of heaven is like treasure hidden in a field, which a man found and covered up. Then in his joy he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.

Matthew 13:44 (ESV)

Moving on to Genesis 24, we come across a drama being played out by Abraham’s servant in his search for a bride for Abraham’s son, Isaac.  If we recall from Genesis 22 that the dramatic portrayal was Abraham as God the Father and Isaac as Jesus Christ, would it be so far-fetched to see the types continue here?  Let’s see.

1 Now Abraham was old, well advanced in years. And the Lord had blessed Abraham in all things. 2 And Abraham said to his servant, the oldest of his household, who had charge of all that he had, “Put your hand under my thigh, 3 that I may make you swear by the Lord, the God of heaven and God of the earth, that you will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell, 4 but will go to my country and to my kindred, and take a wife for my son Isaac.”

Genesis 24:1–4 (ESV)

Abraham is sending out his servant to find a bride for Isaac.  Later in the New Testament, we find another "servant" with a mission.

26 “But when the Helper comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth, who proceeds from the Father, he will bear witness about me.

John 15:26 (ESV)

49 And behold, I am sending the promise of my Father upon you. But stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.”

Luke 24:49 (ESV)

4 And while staying with them he ordered them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for the promise of the Father, which, he said, “you heard from me; 5 for John baptized with water, but you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.” 6 So when they had come together, they asked him, “Lord, will you at this time restore the kingdom to Israel?” 7 He said to them, “It is not for you to know times or seasons that the Father has fixed by his own authority. 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.”

Acts 1:4–8 (ESV)

God the Father would send the Holy Spirit to bear witness about Jesus Christ.  And what happens that first major day God’s "servant" exercises that role?

1 When the day of Pentecost arrived, they were all together in one place. 2 And suddenly there came from heaven a sound like a mighty rushing wind, and it filled the entire house where they were sitting. 3 And divided tongues as of fire appeared to them and rested on each one of them. 4 And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit gave them utterance. 40 And with many other words he bore witness and continued to exhort them, saying, “Save yourselves from this crooked generation.” 41 So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.

Acts 2:1-4, 40–41 (ESV)

This is the day the church is born.  And, if the type in Genesis 24 fits, to what is the church compared?

31 “Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.” 32 This mystery is profound, and I am saying that it refers to Christ and the church.

Ephesians 5:31–32 (ESV)

So, as Paul sees things, the bride of Jesus Christ is the church.  We’ll see more of this drama play out back in Genesis.

5 The servant said to him, “Perhaps the woman may not be willing to follow me to this land. Must I then take your son back to the land from which you came?” 6 Abraham said to him, “See to it that you do not take my son back there. 7 The Lord, the God of heaven, who took me from my father’s house and from the land of my kindred, and who spoke to me and swore to me, ‘To your offspring I will give this land,’ he will send his angel before you, and you shall take a wife for my son from there. 8 But if the woman is not willing to follow you, then you will be free from this oath of mine; only you must not take my son back there.” 9 So the servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master and swore to him concerning this matter.

Genesis 24:5–9 (ESV)

The servant asks Abraham what to do if the bride refuses his offer.  Abraham encourages the servant with a note that God would really be doing the work, sending an angel out ahead of him.  We find similar encouragement for servants of Jesus Christ.

1 That same day Jesus went out of the house and sat beside the sea. 2 And great crowds gathered about him, so that he got into a boat and sat down. And the whole crowd stood on the beach. 3 And he told them many things in parables, saying: “A sower went out to sow. 4 And as he sowed, some seeds fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured them. 5 Other seeds fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, since they had no depth of soil, 6 but when the sun rose they were scorched. And since they had no root, they withered away. 7 Other seeds fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked them. 8 Other seeds fell on good soil and produced grain, some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty. 9 He who has ears, let him hear.” 18 “Hear then the parable of the sower: 19 When anyone hears the word of the kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown along the path. 20 As for what was sown on rocky ground, this is the one who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy, 21 yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while, and when tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word, immediately he falls away. 22 As for what was sown among thorns, this is the one who hears the word, but the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and it proves unfruitful. 23 As for what was sown on good soil, this is the one who hears the word and understands it. He indeed bears fruit and yields, in one case a hundredfold, in another sixty, and in another thirty.”

Matthew 13:1-9, 18–23 (ESV)

5 What then is Apollos? What is Paul? Servants through whom you believed, as the Lord assigned to each. 6 I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth. 7 So neither he who plants nor he who waters is anything, but only God who gives the growth. 8 He who plants and he who waters are one, and each will receive his wages according to his labor. 9 For we are God’s fellow workers. You are God’s field, God’s building.

1 Corinthians 3:5–9 (ESV)

We are to bear witness of Jesus Christ to those around us, but God does the real work.  We also find, as did Abraham’s servant, that God sends out angels ahead of us.

13 And to which of the angels has he ever said, “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet”? 14 Are they not all ministering spirits sent out to serve for the sake of those who are to inherit salvation?

Hebrews 1:13–14 (ESV)

Back in Genesis, we find the servant praying to God to make his search fruitful.

10 Then the servant took ten of his master’s camels and departed, taking all sorts of choice gifts from his master; and he arose and went to Mesopotamia to the city of Nahor. 11 And he made the camels kneel down outside the city by the well of water at the time of evening, the time when women go out to draw water. 12 And he said, “O Lord, God of my master Abraham, please grant me success today and show steadfast love to my master Abraham. 13 Behold, I am standing by the spring of water, and the daughters of the men of the city are coming out to draw water. 14 Let the young woman to whom I shall say, ‘Please let down your jar that I may drink,’ and who shall say, ‘Drink, and I will water your camels’—let her be the one whom you have appointed for your servant Isaac. By this I shall know that you have shown steadfast love to my master.”

Genesis 24:10–14 (ESV)

This is a fairly elaborate request from the servant, and yet what do we find in the next verses?

15 Before he had finished speaking, behold, Rebekah, who was born to Bethuel the son of Milcah, the wife of Nahor, Abraham’s brother, came out with her water jar on her shoulder. 16 The young woman was very attractive in appearance, a maiden whom no man had known. She went down to the spring and filled her jar and came up. 17 Then the servant ran to meet her and said, “Please give me a little water to drink from your jar.” 18 She said, “Drink, my lord.” And she quickly let down her jar upon her hand and gave him a drink. 19 When she had finished giving him a drink, she said, “I will draw water for your camels also, until they have finished drinking.” 20 So she quickly emptied her jar into the trough and ran again to the well to draw water, and she drew for all his camels. 21 The man gazed at her in silence to learn whether the Lord had prospered his journey or not. 22 When the camels had finished drinking, the man took a gold ring weighing a half shekel, and two bracelets for her arms weighing ten gold shekels, 23 and said, “Please tell me whose daughter you are. Is there room in your father’s house for us to spend the night?” 24 She said to him, “I am the daughter of Bethuel the son of Milcah, whom she bore to Nahor.” 25 She added, “We have plenty of both straw and fodder, and room to spend the night.” 26 The man bowed his head and worshiped the Lord 27 and said, “Blessed be the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who has not forsaken his steadfast love and his faithfulness toward my master. As for me, the Lord has led me in the way to the house of my master’s kinsmen.”

Genesis 24:15–27 (ESV)

"Before he had finished speaking."  The servant hadn’t even finished explaining his elaborate request to God, and yet God had already been acting.  We find the same thing as servants of Jesus Christ.

7 “And when you pray, do not heap up empty phrases as the Gentiles do, for they think that they will be heard for their many words. 8 Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him.

Matthew 6:7–8 (ESV)

We also find that the Holy Spirit is always at work behind the scenes, doing God the Father’s work of choosing the bride for Jesus Christ.

5 Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. 6 That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. 7 Do not marvel that I said to you, ‘You must be born again.’ 8 The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

John 3:5–8 (ESV)

44 No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.

John 6:44 (ESV)

Back in Genesis, we find the servant speaking of the riches of his master Abraham, which have been given to his son Isaac.

34 So he said, “I am Abraham’s servant. 35 The Lord has greatly blessed my master, and he has become great. He has given him flocks and herds, silver and gold, male servants and female servants, camels and donkeys. 36 And Sarah my master’s wife bore a son to my master when she was old, and to him he has given all that he has.

Genesis 24:34–36 (ESV)

In the New Testament, we Jesus speaking of the riches of His Father, and that the apostles would continue speaking of those riches as well, through the Holy Spirit.

3 He presented himself alive to them after his suffering by many proofs, appearing to them during forty days and speaking about the kingdom of God. 4 And while staying with them he ordered them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for the promise of the Father, which, he said, “you heard from me; 5 for John baptized with water, but you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.” 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.”

Acts 1:3–5, 8 (ESV)

We find that God the Father has given all His riches to Jesus Christ.

12 “I still have many things to say to you, but you cannot bear them now. 13 When the Spirit of truth comes, he will guide you into all the truth, for he will not speak on his own authority, but whatever he hears he will speak, and he will declare to you the things that are to come. 14 He will glorify me, for he will take what is mine and declare it to you. 15 All that the Father has is mine; therefore I said that he will take what is mine and declare it to you.

John 16:12–15 (ESV)

15 For this reason, because I have heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus and your love toward all the saints, 16 I do not cease to give thanks for you, remembering you in my prayers, 17 that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you the Spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, 18 having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints, 19 and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to the working of his great might 20 that he worked in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places, 21 far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come. 22 And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church, 23 which is his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all.

Ephesians 1:15–23 (ESV)

Finally, we find that through faith in Jesus Christ, we have in inheritance of those riches.

15 For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!” 16 The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God, 17 and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.

Romans 8:15–17 (ESV)

11 For in this way there will be richly provided for you an entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

2 Peter 1:11 (ESV)

In Genesis, we now witness Rebekah’s response to Abraham’s servant.

55 Her brother and her mother said, “Let the young woman remain with us a while, at least ten days; after that she may go.” 56 But he said to them, “Do not delay me, since the Lord has prospered my way. Send me away that I may go to my master.” 57 They said, “Let us call the young woman and ask her.” 58 And they called Rebekah and said to her, “Will you go with this man?” She said, “I will go.”

Genesis 24:55–58 (ESV)

Not only did she offer to become Isaac’s bride, but she went to him without delay.  We are to have the same heart for Jesus Christ, being always vigilant for and looking forward to His imminent return.

42 Therefore, stay awake, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming. 43 But know this, that if the master of the house had known in what part of the night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into. 44 Therefore you also must be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.

Matthew 24:42–44 (ESV)

1 Now concerning the times and the seasons, brothers, you have no need to have anything written to you. 2 For you yourselves are fully aware that the day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night. 3 While people are saying, “There is peace and security,” then sudden destruction will come upon them as labor pains come upon a pregnant woman, and they will not escape. 4 But you are not in darkness, brothers, for that day to surprise you like a thief. 5 For you are all children of light, children of the day. We are not of the night or of the darkness. 6 So then let us not sleep, as others do, but let us keep awake and be sober.

1 Thessalonians 5:1–6 (ESV)

17 Brothers, join in imitating me, and keep your eyes on those who walk according to the example you have in us. 18 For many, of whom I have often told you and now tell you even with tears, walk as enemies of the cross of Christ. 19 Their end is destruction, their god is their belly, and they glory in their shame, with minds set on earthly things. 20 But our citizenship is in heaven, and from it we await a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ, 21 who will transform our lowly body to be like his glorious body, by the power that enables him even to subject all things to himself.

Philippians 3:17–21 (ESV)

Back in Genesis, we finally see Isaac for the first time since his dramatic portrayal of "death and resurrection" in Genesis 22.

62 Now Isaac had returned from Beer-lahai-roi and was dwelling in the Negeb. 63 And Isaac went out to meditate in the field toward evening. And he lifted up his eyes and saw, and behold, there were camels coming.

Genesis 24:62–63 (ESV)

Note in the New Testament how Jesus leaves the gathering of the church to His servants until He would return.

6 So when they had come together, they asked him, “Lord, will you at this time restore the kingdom to Israel?” 7 He said to them, “It is not for you to know times or seasons that the Father has fixed by his own authority. 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.” 9 And when he had said these things, as they were looking on, he was lifted up, and a cloud took him out of their sight. 10 And while they were gazing into heaven as he went, behold, two men stood by them in white robes, 11 and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”

Acts 1:6–11 (ESV)

And what is He doing in the meantime?  Preparing a place for His bride.

1 “Let not your hearts be troubled. Believe in God; believe also in me. 2 In my Father’s house are many rooms. If it were not so, would I have told you that I go to prepare a place for you? 3 And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also.

John 14:1–3 (ESV)

We find Isaac and Rebekah’s meeting in Genesis, with Rebekah heading out to him as soon as she sees him.

64 And Rebekah lifted up her eyes, and when she saw Isaac, she dismounted from the camel 65 and said to the servant, “Who is that man, walking in the field to meet us?” The servant said, “It is my master.” So she took her veil and covered herself.

Genesis 24:64–65 (ESV)

We will do the same when Jesus returns to take His bride home.

16 For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the sound of the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. 17 Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.

1 Thessalonians 4:16–17 (ESV)

Further, as Rebekah put on a veil to demonstrate her purity, God has promised to make us blameless at Jesus’ coming.

23 Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. 24 He who calls you is faithful; he will surely do it.

1 Thessalonians 5:23–24 (ESV)

Finally in Genesis, we find Isaac taking Rebekah to be his bride.

66 And the servant told Isaac all the things that he had done. 67 Then Isaac brought her into the tent of Sarah his mother and took Rebekah, and she became his wife, and he loved her. So Isaac was comforted after his mother’s death.

Genesis 24:66–67 (ESV)

Paul tells us that we Christians are being sanctified to be the bride of Jesus Christ.

25 Husbands, love your wives, as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her, 26 that he might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word, 27 so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish. 28 In the same way husbands should love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. 29 For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as Christ does the church, 30 because we are members of his body. 31 “Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.” 32 This mystery is profound, and I am saying that it refers to Christ and the church.

Ephesians 5:25–32 (ESV)

John tells us there will one day be a wedding ceremony for Jesus and His bride.

6 Then I heard what seemed to be the voice of a great multitude, like the roar of many waters and like the sound of mighty peals of thunder, crying out, “Hallelujah! For the Lord our God the Almighty reigns. 7 Let us rejoice and exult and give him the glory, for the marriage of the Lamb has come, and his Bride has made herself ready; 8 it was granted her to clothe herself with fine linen, bright and pure”— for the fine linen is the righteous deeds of the saints. 9 And the angel said to me, “Write this: Blessed are those who are invited to the marriage supper of the Lamb.” And he said to me, “These are the true words of God.”

Revelation 19:6–9 (ESV)

May we always look forward to that day.

In summary, we have found the following in Genesis 23-24:

  • Genesis 23:4, 19-20 – type/picture – as followers of Jesus Christ, we are to remember we’re sojourners on this earth, looking forward to His coming kingdom
  • Genesis 24:5-9 – type/picture – the Holy Spirit is searching out a bride for Jesus Christ
  • Genesis 24:10-27 – type/picture – the Holy Spirit is always at work behind the scenes in this search
  • Genesis 24:34-36 – type/picture – as followers of Jesus Christ, we are to be the witnesses of the riches found through faith in Him
  • Genesis 24:34-36 – type/picture – as followers of Jesus Christ, we inherit His riches as well
  • Genesis 24:55-58 – type/picture – we are to always be looking forward to Jesus Christ’s second coming, setting our minds on Him rather than the world
  • Genesis 24:62-63 – type/picture – Jesus Christ leaves the gathering of the church to His servants
  • Genesis 24:62-63 – type/picture – Jesus Christ is now preparing a place for His bride
  • Genesis 24:64-65 – type/picture – we will be caught up with Jesus Christ at His return
  • Genesis 24:64-65 – type/picture – God will sanctify the bride of Jesus Christ at His coming
  • Genesis 24:66-67 – type/picture – Jesus Christ will return for His bride, and there will one day be a wedding between them

Well, I suppose that was sufficiently long for today.  Until next time.

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Unto You is Born…

angel_shepherdsOver the past year, I spent the last 15-30 minutes of most nights listening to the Bible with the YouVersion Bible app, following along with Blue Letter Bible’s chronological plan.  With my recent focus studying the Old Testament for all its pointing to Jesus Christ, I was just stunned how much the Bible opened up when following along through this plan.  Today, I’d like to take you through a whirlwind tour for just a taste of what you can see digging through the Bible this way.  As just a reminder, recall Jesus’ words in Luke after His resurrection:

22 Moreover, some women of our company amazed us. They were at the tomb early in the morning, 23 and when they did not find his body, they came back saying that they had even seen a vision of angels, who said that he was alive. 24 Some of those who were with us went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said, but him they did not see.” 25 And he said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken! 26 Was it not necessary that the Christ should suffer these things and enter into his glory?” 27 And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.

Luke 24:22–27 (ESV)

44 Then he said to them, “These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.” 45 Then he opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, 46 and said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and on the third day rise from the dead, 47 and that repentance and forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem. 48 You are witnesses of these things.

Luke 24:44–48 (ESV)

I’m going to steal approximate dates from Adam’s Synchronological Map of History (or other random sources), so forgive me if you disagree with any of them (I might too) … but, they should be close enough to survey the landscape, at least.  Now, there is no way to be exhaustive here in this post without writing an entire book… I’ve already posted 13 lengthy studies for Genesis 1-22 alone.  Like I said, this will be a whirlwind tour, with just a "few" highlights.  Let’s go!

c. 4000 BC – Creation, the fall of man, and the "seed"

Adam and Eve just ate the fruit.  Bad news.  They’re doomed.  The planet’s doomed.  The snake’s in trouble.  What does God tell them?

13 Then the Lord God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.” 14 The Lord God said to the serpent, “Because you have done this, cursed are you above all livestock and above all beasts of the field; on your belly you shall go, and dust you shall eat all the days of your life. 15 I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.”

Genesis 3:13–15 (ESV)

All is not lost.  The offspring (seed) of the woman will make things right.  But we soon find that won’t be Abel.  Cain killed him and is cursed.  But there is another.

25 And Adam knew his wife again, and she bore a son and called his name Seth, for she said, “God has appointed for me another offspring instead of Abel, for Cain killed him.” 26 To Seth also a son was born, and he called his name Enosh. At that time people began to call upon the name of the Lord.

Genesis 4:25–26 (ESV)

And we then start to see a line of patriarchs unfold, the line that will eventually lead us to Jesus Christ.

c. 2350 BC – Noah is saved from the flood

Things are really messed up.  Fallen angels are being quite bad.  Man isn’t doing much better.  There is one "blameless" man and his family.  God lets loose the foundations of the deep to destroy the world.  And yet…

11 In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on that day all the fountains of the great deep burst forth, and the windows of the heavens were opened. 12 And rain fell upon the earth forty days and forty nights. 13 On the very same day Noah and his sons, Shem and Ham and Japheth, and Noah’s wife and the three wives of his sons with them entered the ark, 14 they and every beast, according to its kind, and all the livestock according to their kinds, and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth, according to its kind, and every bird, according to its kind, every winged creature. 15 They went into the ark with Noah, two and two of all flesh in which there was the breath of life. 16 And those that entered, male and female of all flesh, went in as God had commanded him. And the Lord shut him in.

Genesis 7:11–16 (ESV)

God saves that family through the ark.  That ark points us to the one who will save us spiritually, but for now, there is still hope.

26 He also said, “Blessed be the Lord, the God of Shem; and let Canaan be his servant.

Genesis 9:26 (ESV)

God keeps a line of the offspring of the woman.

c. 2000 BC – Job is suffering

But I digress for a minute here.  We find another blameless man, allowed to suffer greatly.  And in all his moanings, he has something interesting to say.

23 “Oh that my words were written! Oh that they were inscribed in a book! 24 Oh that with an iron pen and lead they were engraved in the rock forever! 25 For I know that my Redeemer lives, and at the last he will stand upon the earth. 26 And after my skin has been thus destroyed, yet in my flesh I shall see God, 27 whom I shall see for myself, and my eyes shall behold, and not another. My heart faints within me!

Job 19:23–27 (ESV)

Job, in all his sufferings, looks forward to his Redeemer!

c. 1920 BC – Abraham is called

Back to the line of the "offspring," we find Abraham called by God.

1 Now the Lord said to Abram, “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. 2 And I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. 3 I will bless those who bless you, and him who dishonors you I will curse, and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.” 4 So Abram went, as the Lord had told him, and Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he departed from Haran. 5 And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother’s son, and all their possessions that they had gathered, and the people that they had acquired in Haran, and they set out to go to the land of Canaan. When they came to the land of Canaan, 6 Abram passed through the land to the place at Shechem, to the oak of Moreh. At that time the Canaanites were in the land. 7 Then the Lord appeared to Abram and said, “To your offspring I will give this land.” So he built there an altar to the Lord, who had appeared to him.

Genesis 12:1–7 (ESV)

God promises to bless the entire earth through the "offspring" of Abraham.

c. 1860 BC – Isaac is (almost) sacrificed

Abraham is promised bajillions of children.  But God asks him to sacrifice his beloved son, the one born to him and Sarah in such old age.

9 When they came to the place of which God had told him, Abraham built the altar there and laid the wood in order and bound Isaac his son and laid him on the altar, on top of the wood. 10 Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son. 11 But the angel of the Lord called to him from heaven and said, “Abraham, Abraham!” And he said, “Here I am.” 12 He said, “Do not lay your hand on the boy or do anything to him, for now I know that you fear God, seeing you have not withheld your son, your only son, from me.” 13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold, behind him was a ram, caught in a thicket by his horns. And Abraham went and took the ram and offered it up as a burnt offering instead of his son. 14 So Abraham called the name of that place, “The Lord will provide”; as it is said to this day, “On the mount of the Lord it shall be provided.”

Genesis 22:9–14 (ESV)

God gave us a picture of what He would one day do with His own Son.  He would provide, but we aren’t there quite yet.

c. 1700 BC – Joseph suffers at the hands of his brothers

The promises continue with Jacob and his sons.  But, they do wrong.  They sell Joseph to slavers and he ends up suffering for years.  But God exalts him.  He saves his family and they are reunited.

7 And God sent me before you to preserve for you a remnant on earth, and to keep alive for you many survivors. 8 So it was not you who sent me here, but God. He has made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house and ruler over all the land of Egypt.

Genesis 45:7–8 (ESV)

19 But Joseph said to them, “Do not fear, for am I in the place of God? 20 As for you, you meant evil against me, but God meant it for good, to bring it about that many people should be kept alive, as they are today. 21 So do not fear; I will provide for you and your little ones.” Thus he comforted them and spoke kindly to them.

Genesis 50:19–21 (ESV)

God will one day provide another who suffers for us, but not through Joseph. 

8 “Judah, your brothers shall praise you; your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies; your father’s sons shall bow down before you. 9 Judah is a lion’s cub; from the prey, my son, you have gone up. He stooped down; he crouched as a lion and as a lioness; who dares rouse him? 10 The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet, until tribute comes to him; and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples. 11 Binding his foal to the vine and his donkey’s colt to the choice vine, he has washed his garments in wine and his vesture in the blood of grapes. 12 His eyes are darker than wine, and his teeth whiter than milk.

Genesis 49:8–12 (ESV)

He will provide through his brother, Judah.

c. 1450 BC – Moses saves his people

The Israelites are enslaved in Egypt.  God sends a prophet to rescue them from Pharaoh and take them to the Promised Land.  Moses doesn’t get to enter, but in some of his final words points to the future.

15 “The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your brothers—it is to him you shall listen— 16 just as you desired of the Lord your God at Horeb on the day of the assembly, when you said, ‘Let me not hear again the voice of the Lord my God or see this great fire any more, lest I die.’ 17 And the Lord said to me, ‘They are right in what they have spoken. 18 I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers. And I will put my words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him.

Deuteronomy 18:15–18 (ESV)

There is still hope for the future, for another prophet like Moses.  The ultimate prophet.

c. 1240 BC – Ruth is redeemed

Ruth, a Moabite, has a tough time.  Her dad dies.  Her brother-in-law dies.  Her husband dies.  She and mother Naomi have nowhere to turn, but to head back to Bethlehem.  (Bethlehem?  Interesting, but let’s not get too far ahead of ourselves.)  They find a man who redeems her.

13 So Boaz took Ruth, and she became his wife. And he went in to her, and the Lord gave her conception, and she bore a son. 14 Then the women said to Naomi, “Blessed be the Lord, who has not left you this day without a redeemer, and may his name be renowned in Israel! 15 He shall be to you a restorer of life and a nourisher of your old age, for your daughter-in-law who loves you, who is more to you than seven sons, has given birth to him.” 16 Then Naomi took the child and laid him on her lap and became his nurse. 17 And the women of the neighborhood gave him a name, saying, “A son has been born to Naomi.” They named him Obed. He was the father of Jesse, the father of David.

Ruth 4:13–17 (ESV)

They have a child, the grandfather of King David.  The line continues.

c. 1040 BC – David is King

David has a rough path on the way to becoming king of Israel.  God has a promise to make to him before he departs the earth, though.

12 When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your offspring after you, who shall come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom. 13 He shall build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. 14 I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity, I will discipline him with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men, 15 but my steadfast love will not depart from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you. 16 And your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me. Your throne shall be established forever.’ ”

2 Samuel 7:12–16 (ESV)

"Established forever."  This isn’t just his son Solomon in view here, but someone greater.  And David writes and sings about this someone so many times in the Psalms, it’s hard to miss once you start looking.  Here are just a few:

1 Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? 2 The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the Lord and against his Anointed, saying, 3 “Let us burst their bonds apart and cast away their cords from us.” 6 “As for me, I have set my King on Zion, my holy hill.” 7 I will tell of the decree: The Lord said to me, “You are my Son; today I have begotten you. 8 Ask of me, and I will make the nations your heritage, and the ends of the earth your possession.

Psalm 2:1–3, 6-8 (ESV)

8 I have set the Lord always before me; because he is at my right hand, I shall not be shaken. 9 Therefore my heart is glad, and my whole being rejoices; my flesh also dwells secure. 10 For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, or let your holy one see corruption.

Psalm 16:8–10 (ESV)

6 But I am a worm and not a man, scorned by mankind and despised by the people. 7 All who see me mock me; they make mouths at me; they wag their heads; 8 “He trusts in the Lord; let him deliver him; let him rescue him, for he delights in him!” 14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint; my heart is like wax; it is melted within my breast; 15 my strength is dried up like a potsherd, and my tongue sticks to my jaws; you lay me in the dust of death. 16 For dogs encompass me; a company of evildoers encircles me; they have pierced my hands and feet— 17 I can count all my bones— they stare and gloat over me; 18 they divide my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots.

Psalm 22:6–8, 14-18 (ESV)

6 In sacrifice and offering you have not delighted, but you have given me an open ear. Burnt offering and sin offering you have not required. 7 Then I said, “Behold, I have come; in the scroll of the book it is written of me: 8 I delight to do your will, O my God; your law is within my heart.”

Psalm 40:6–8 (ESV)

9 For zeal for your house has consumed me, and the reproaches of those who reproach you have fallen on me. 21 They gave me poison for food, and for my thirst they gave me sour wine to drink. 29 But I am afflicted and in pain; let your salvation, O God, set me on high!

Psalm 69:9, 21, 29 (ESV)

3 You have said, “I have made a covenant with my chosen one; I have sworn to David my servant: 4 ‘I will establish your offspring forever, and build your throne for all generations.’ ” Selah 15 Blessed are the people who know the festal shout, who walk, O Lord, in the light of your face, 16 who exult in your name all the day and in your righteousness are exalted. 26 He shall cry to me, ‘You are my Father, my God, and the Rock of my salvation.’ 27 And I will make him the firstborn, the highest of the kings of the earth. 35 Once for all I have sworn by my holiness; I will not lie to David. 36 His offspring shall endure forever, his throne as long as the sun before me. 37 Like the moon it shall be established forever, a faithful witness in the skies.” Selah

Psalm 89:3-4, 15-16, 26-27, 35–37 (ESV)

God’s promise to David was not a lie.  He will provide… another King, and one who suffers on His path as well.  There is far more in the Psalms, but we must press on.

c. 800-700 BC – Prophets are prophesying

In no particular order, we find God’s prophets giving us more information about this offspring of His.  Though the world falls apart, and enemies abound, there is no doubt He is coming.  Here is just a taste of what the prophets tell us.

5 Afterward the children of Israel shall return and seek the Lord their God, and David their king, and they shall come in fear to the Lord and to his goodness in the latter days.

Hosea 3:5 (ESV)

1 “Come, let us return to the Lord; for he has torn us, that he may heal us; he has struck us down, and he will bind us up. 2 After two days he will revive us; on the third day he will raise us up, that we may live before him.

Hosea 6:1–2 (ESV)

2 But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are too little to be among the clans of Judah, from you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel, whose coming forth is from of old, from ancient days.

Micah 5:2 (ESV)

14 Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.

Isaiah 7:14 (ESV)

6 For to us a child is born, to us a son is given; and the government shall be upon his shoulder, and his name shall be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. 7 Of the increase of his government and of peace there will be no end, on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish it and to uphold it with justice and with righteousness from this time forth and forevermore. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will do this.

Isaiah 9:6–7 (ESV)

1 There shall come forth a shoot from the stump of Jesse, and a branch from his roots shall bear fruit. 2 And the Spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the Spirit of wisdom and understanding, the Spirit of counsel and might, the Spirit of knowledge and the fear of the Lord.

Isaiah 11:1–2 (ESV)

9 It will be said on that day, “Behold, this is our God; we have waited for him, that he might save us. This is the Lord; we have waited for him; let us be glad and rejoice in his salvation.”

Isaiah 25:9 (ESV)

3 A voice cries: “In the wilderness prepare the way of the Lord; make straight in the desert a highway for our God. 9 Go on up to a high mountain, O Zion, herald of good news; lift up your voice with strength, O Jerusalem, herald of good news; lift it up, fear not; say to the cities of Judah, “Behold your God!” 10 Behold, the Lord God comes with might, and his arm rules for him; behold, his reward is with him, and his recompense before him.

Isaiah 40:3, 9–10 (ESV)

3 He was despised and rejected by men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not. 4 Surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted. 5 But he was pierced for our transgressions; he was crushed for our iniquities; upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace, and with his wounds we are healed.

Isaiah 53:3–5 (ESV)

There is hope for us sinners, for the Savior is coming.

c. 700-550 BC – More prophets are prophesying

The offspring is not here yet, so God continues speaking through His prophets.  Again, just a small taste.

14 Sing aloud, O daughter of Zion; shout, O Israel! Rejoice and exult with all your heart, O daughter of Jerusalem! 15 The Lord has taken away the judgments against you; he has cleared away your enemies. The King of Israel, the Lord, is in your midst; you shall never again fear evil. 16 On that day it shall be said to Jerusalem: “Fear not, O Zion; let not your hands grow weak. 17 The Lord your God is in your midst, a mighty one who will save; he will rejoice over you with gladness; he will quiet you by his love; he will exult over you with loud singing.

Zephaniah 3:14–17 (ESV)

5 “Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and he shall reign as king and deal wisely, and shall execute justice and righteousness in the land. 6 In his days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is the name by which he will be called: ‘The Lord is our righteousness.’

Jeremiah 23:5–6 (ESV)

11 “For thus says the Lord God: Behold, I, I myself will search for my sheep and will seek them out. 12 As a shepherd seeks out his flock when he is among his sheep that have been scattered, so will I seek out my sheep, and I will rescue them from all places where they have been scattered on a day of clouds and thick darkness. 15 I myself will be the shepherd of my sheep, and I myself will make them lie down, declares the Lord God. 16 I will seek the lost, and I will bring back the strayed, and I will bind up the injured, and I will strengthen the weak, and the fat and the strong I will destroy. I will feed them in justice. 23 And I will set up over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he shall feed them: he shall feed them and be their shepherd. 24 And I, the Lord, will be their God, and my servant David shall be prince among them. I am the Lord; I have spoken.

Ezekiel 34:11-12, 15-16, 23–24 (ESV)

13 “I saw in the night visions, and behold, with the clouds of heaven there came one like a son of man, and he came to the Ancient of Days and was presented before him. 14 And to him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, that all peoples, nations, and languages should serve him; his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom one that shall not be destroyed.

Daniel 7:13–14 (ESV)

One like a "son of man."  God still has someone prepared for His people.  They’re in exile in Babylon, and yet God is still promising a future and a hope for them.

c. 550-480 BC – Even more prophets are prophesying

God is still speaking, though there aren’t many prophets left to go.  Another small taste.

4 Yet now be strong, O Zerubbabel, declares the Lord. Be strong, O Joshua, son of Jehozadak, the high priest. Be strong, all you people of the land, declares the Lord. Work, for I am with you, declares the Lord of hosts, 5 according to the covenant that I made with you when you came out of Egypt. My Spirit remains in your midst. Fear not. 6 For thus says the Lord of hosts: Yet once more, in a little while, I will shake the heavens and the earth and the sea and the dry land. 7 And I will shake all nations, so that the treasures of all nations shall come in, and I will fill this house with glory, says the Lord of hosts. 8 The silver is mine, and the gold is mine, declares the Lord of hosts. 9 The latter glory of this house shall be greater than the former, says the Lord of hosts. And in this place I will give peace, declares the Lord of hosts.’ ”

Haggai 2:4–9 (ESV)

10 Sing and rejoice, O daughter of Zion, for behold, I come and I will dwell in your midst, declares the Lord. 11 And many nations shall join themselves to the Lord in that day, and shall be my people. And I will dwell in your midst, and you shall know that the Lord of hosts has sent me to you.

Zechariah 2:10–11 (ESV)

9 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; righteous and having salvation is he, humble and mounted on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey. 10 I will cut off the chariot from Ephraim and the war horse from Jerusalem; and the battle bow shall be cut off, and he shall speak peace to the nations; his rule shall be from sea to sea, and from the River to the ends of the earth.

Zechariah 9:9–10 (ESV)

God still has a promise for His people.

c. 480 BC – Esther saves her people

And yet, we still find Satan working to destroy the line of God’s promised offspring.  Haman wants to wipe out the Jews, all of them (sound familiar today, anyone?).  Esther becomes queen and has the ear of King Xerxes.

6 But he disdained to lay hands on Mordecai alone. So, as they had made known to him the people of Mordecai, Haman sought to destroy all the Jews, the people of Mordecai, throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus.

Esther 3:6 (ESV)

14 For if you keep silent at this time, relief and deliverance will rise for the Jews from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. And who knows whether you have not come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”

Esther 4:14 (ESV)

Mordecai knows God will save them, though, even if Esther didn’t play her role, for God has made promises to His people.  He was going to send the ultimate Savior.

c. 460 BC – One last prophet is prophesying

We come to Malachi, who has the last word in the Old Testament before we get to the New.  God’s people have been waiting, and they’re going to have to wait some more.  But, God’s still going to send a Savior.

17 You have wearied the Lord with your words. But you say, “How have we wearied him?” By saying, “Everyone who does evil is good in the sight of the Lord, and he delights in them.” Or by asking, “Where is the God of justice?” 1 “Behold, I send my messenger, and he will prepare the way before me. And the Lord whom you seek will suddenly come to his temple; and the messenger of the covenant in whom you delight, behold, he is coming, says the Lord of hosts.

Malachi 2:17–3:1 (ESV)

2 But for you who fear my name, the sun of righteousness shall rise with healing in its wings. You shall go out leaping like calves from the stall.

Malachi 4:2 (ESV)

The Savior is coming.  God Himself is coming.  But not yet, because first we have…

c. 460-4 BC – Silence

… nothing but silence.  God’s prophets are done speaking.  He said there would be another messenger, another prophet if you will, to prepare the way for the Savior.  But for over 400 years, nothing.  For me, following along in my chronological study, I only had to wait for the next night.  For God’s people, who had already been waiting for around 4000 years to witness God’s promises fulfilled, how hard must it have been?  And yet, they still had hope.

1 Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. 2 For by it the people of old received their commendation. 13 These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.

Hebrews 11:1-2, 13 (ESV)

Faith.  Hope.  They were still looking forward to…

c. 4 BC – Messiah arrives

Oh, what a moment to witness!  I’ve read or listened to the Christmas story in Luke innumerable times, but it meant nothing like it did the night I listened yet again during my nightly study.

8 And in the same region there were shepherds out in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night. 9 And an angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were filled with great fear. 10 And the angel said to them, “Fear not, for behold, I bring you good news of great joy that will be for all the people. 11 For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, who is Christ the Lord. 12 And this will be a sign for you: you will find a baby wrapped in swaddling cloths and lying in a manger.” 13 And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God and saying, 14 “Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace among those with whom he is pleased!” 15 When the angels went away from them into heaven, the shepherds said to one another, “Let us go over to Bethlehem and see this thing that has happened, which the Lord has made known to us.” 16 And they went with haste and found Mary and Joseph, and the baby lying in a manger. 17 And when they saw it, they made known the saying that had been told them concerning this child. 18 And all who heard it wondered at what the shepherds told them. 19 But Mary treasured up all these things, pondering them in her heart. 20 And the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all they had heard and seen, as it had been told them.

Luke 2:8–20 (ESV)

"For unto you is born this day."  This day!  The promised offspring, the Savior, the Messiah, Jesus Christ born in Bethlehem!  And God comes to simple shepherds to announce His arrival.  Oh how amazing that moment must have been!  Hundreds… thousands… of years of waiting, and He is finally here on earth.  Can you feel it?!  I know you see more text to read below, but just stop for a minute.  Dwell on that picture for just a bit.  Emmanuel, God with us… on earth.  Thousand of years.  Promises fulfilled.  Just pause and breathe… and rejoice in the moment!

Seriously… I said pause.

Move on when ready.

c. 4 BC-33 AD – Messiah lives, teaches, heals and dies for us

For the next 30+ years, Jesus will be on the earth teaching and healing God’s people, all the while awaiting His crucifixion at the hands of men… His sacrifice to save us from our sins against God.  And yet, for all the waiting everyone did, there are those who missed Him, those who spat upon Him, those who forgot God’s promises or did not believe them…

41 And when he drew near and saw the city, he wept over it, 42 saying, “Would that you, even you, had known on this day the things that make for peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes. 43 For the days will come upon you, when your enemies will set up a barricade around you and surround you and hem you in on every side 44 and tear you down to the ground, you and your children within you. And they will not leave one stone upon another in you, because you did not know the time of your visitation.”

Luke 19:41–44 (ESV)

… and were lost.  But there is still hope, for God made another promise…

c. ??? – Messiah is coming again

Jesus Christ will one day come again.  There is still time, but maybe not much.

16 For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the sound of the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. 17 Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord. 18 Therefore encourage one another with these words.

1 Thessalonians 4:16–18 (ESV)

1 Now concerning the times and the seasons, brothers, you have no need to have anything written to you. 2 For you yourselves are fully aware that the day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night. 3 While people are saying, “There is peace and security,” then sudden destruction will come upon them as labor pains come upon a pregnant woman, and they will not escape. 4 But you are not in darkness, brothers, for that day to surprise you like a thief. 5 For you are all children of light, children of the day. We are not of the night or of the darkness. 6 So then let us not sleep, as others do, but let us keep awake and be sober. 7 For those who sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk, are drunk at night. 8 But since we belong to the day, let us be sober, having put on the breastplate of faith and love, and for a helmet the hope of salvation. 9 For God has not destined us for wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ, 10 who died for us so that whether we are awake or asleep we might live with him. 11 Therefore encourage one another and build one another up, just as you are doing.

1 Thessalonians 5:1–11 (ESV)

I so look forward to that day.  I missed that glorious night the angel came to the shepherds, but will I miss that glorious night when Jesus Christ comes back Himself?  Will you?  Perhaps we will pass from the earth before that day, and be grouped with the witnesses who came before us.

39 And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised, 40 since God had provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect. 1 Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, 2 looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.

Hebrews 11:39–12:2 (ESV)

Look to your Savior, the Messiah, Jesus Christ.  He came before, and He’s coming again.  I pray you don’t miss Him.  There is still time left, but how long?  For many of us are praying the prayer of John…

20 He who testifies to these things says, “Surely I am coming soon.” Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!

Revelation 22:20 (ESV)

I pray you’ll join us.  Until next time, have a blessed Christmas this year!

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Jesus in the OT – Genesis 22

abraham_isaacIt seems appropriate that I’m getting to Genesis 22 during Thanksgiving week.  This chapter contains one of those events that I didn’t really understand growing up… namely, why would God ask Abraham to sacrifice his son, Isaac?  I have heard others question the same over the years.  Well, let’s see what find here.

1 After these things God tested Abraham and said to him, “Abraham!” And he said, “Here I am.” 2 He said, “Take your son, your only son Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains of which I shall tell you.”

Genesis 22:1–2 (ESV)

Abraham loves his son.  Hundreds of years later, when Jesus is baptized, we find God speaking similar words about Jesus.

17 and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”

Matthew 3:17 (ESV)

In the Genesis passage, we also find God commanding Abraham to take Isaac to the land of Moriah.  Perhaps there is some importance to this place, as we find "Mount Moriah" discussed later in Chronicles.  Could be we have Abraham going to the same place the future temple would be built in Jerusalem.

1 Then Solomon began to build the house of the Lord in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah, where the Lord had appeared to David his father, at the place that David had appointed, on the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite.

2 Chronicles 3:1 (ESV)

Continuing on with Genesis, we find Abraham and Isaac travelling to Moriah.

3 So Abraham rose early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took two of his young men with him, and his son Isaac. And he cut the wood for the burnt offering and arose and went to the place of which God had told him. 4 On the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes and saw the place from afar.

Genesis 22:3–4 (ESV)

"On the third day."  Let’s just let that one sit in the back of our mind for now, and move to the next couple verses.

5 Then Abraham said to his young men, “Stay here with the donkey; I and the boy will go over there and worship and come again to you.” 6 And Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering and laid it on Isaac his son. And he took in his hand the fire and the knife. So they went both of them together.

Genesis 22:5–6 (ESV)

Isaac carries the wood for the sacrifice… the sacrifice of himself, though he doesn’t necessarily realize it yet.  We later see Jesus Christ carrying the wood for His own sacrifice on the cross.

17 and he went out, bearing his own cross, to the place called The Place of a Skull, which in Aramaic is called Golgotha.

John 19:17 (ESV)

Back in Genesis, Isaac questions what’s going on.

7 And Isaac said to his father Abraham, “My father!” And he said, “Here I am, my son.” He said, “Behold, the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?” 8 Abraham said, “God will provide for himself the lamb for a burnt offering, my son.” So they went both of them together.

Genesis 22:7–8 (ESV)

God will provide the lamb.  We’ll see that later in this same chapter.  However, there’s really far more to it, as we look forward to Jesus Christ.

29 The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!

John 1:29 (ESV)

11 Then I looked, and I heard around the throne and the living creatures and the elders the voice of many angels, numbering myriads of myriads and thousands of thousands, 12 saying with a loud voice, “Worthy is the Lamb who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and might and honor and glory and blessing!” 13 And I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and in the sea, and all that is in them, saying, “To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be blessing and honor and glory and might forever and ever!” 14 And the four living creatures said, “Amen!” and the elders fell down and worshiped.

Revelation 5:11–14 (ESV)

Continuing on, we see Abraham binding Isaac for the sacrifice.

9 When they came to the place of which God had told him, Abraham built the altar there and laid the wood in order and bound Isaac his son and laid him on the altar, on top of the wood.

Genesis 22:9 (ESV)

I grew up with this picture of Abraham man-handling a young boy, tying him up on the altar, all while the poor boy kicks and screams.  But studying the chapter years later, I realized Isaac must have been a grown man at this point.  Just take a look at the opening of the next chapter of Genesis compared to his birth.

1 Sarah lived 127 years; these were the years of the life of Sarah. 2 And Sarah died at Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham went in to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her.

Genesis 23:1–2 (ESV)

17 Then Abraham fell on his face and laughed and said to himself, “Shall a child be born to a man who is a hundred years old? Shall Sarah, who is ninety years old, bear a child?”

Genesis 17:17 (ESV)

There were 37 years from Isaac’s birth until Sarah’s death.  Considering Sarah’s death is the next event recorded following the almost-sacrifice of Isaac, it seems likely to have occurred either immediately after or soon after.  In fact, Isaac marrying Rebekah is recorded soon after these events, and we find he is 40 years old at that point.  So, we have a possibly-37-year-old man being tied up by a possibly-137-year-old father.  If this is the case, Isaac certainly must have willingly laid himself down for the sacrifice.  Why do I point this out?  Because we see Jesus Christ doing the same thing.

15 just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.

John 10:15 (ESV)

42 Again, for the second time, he went away and prayed, “My Father, if this cannot pass unless I drink it, your will be done.”

Matthew 26:42 (ESV)

As if the parallels weren’t getting clear enough, who do we find next in the chapter, but the "angel of the Lord" Himself.

10 Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son. 11 But the angel of the Lord called to him from heaven and said, “Abraham, Abraham!” And he said, “Here I am.” 12 He said, “Do not lay your hand on the boy or do anything to him, for now I know that you fear God, seeing you have not withheld your son, your only son, from me.”

Genesis 22:10–12 (ESV)

Notice how the "angel of the Lord," who we’ve previously suggested is Jesus Christ Himself, even refers to Himself as God here.  The "angel" steps in and stops Abraham’s sacrifice.  And, what does Abraham find next, but God Himself providing the sacrifice.

13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold, behind him was a ram, caught in a thicket by his horns. And Abraham went and took the ram and offered it up as a burnt offering instead of his son.

Genesis 22:13 (ESV)

God has provided a sacrifice, and the ram is even caught by its own horns in the thicket.  It’s not just a lamb, but a powerful ram.  Could we have another picture here of how Jesus gave Himself up for us all under his own power?

51 When the days drew near for him to be taken up, he set his face to go to Jerusalem.

Luke 9:51 (ESV)

5 Consequently, when Christ came into the world, he said, “Sacrifices and offerings you have not desired, but a body have you prepared for me; 6 in burnt offerings and sin offerings you have taken no pleasure. 7 Then I said, ‘Behold, I have come to do your will, O God, as it is written of me in the scroll of the book.’ ” 8 When he said above, “You have neither desired nor taken pleasure in sacrifices and offerings and burnt offerings and sin offerings” (these are offered according to the law), 9 then he added, “Behold, I have come to do your will.” He does away with the first in order to establish the second. 10 And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.

Hebrews 10:5–10 (ESV)

Heading back to Genesis, we see a bit more detail of this mount of Moriah Abraham went to.

14 So Abraham called the name of that place, “The Lord will provide”; as it is said to this day, “On the mount of the Lord it shall be provided.”

Genesis 22:14 (ESV)

If we hadn’t already seen forward to how Jesus Christ would be the ultimate sacrifice, fulfilling all the types/pictures in this chapter, we might just skip past this detail.  However, it’s entirely possible this is the same place Jesus sacrificed Himself on the cross, where the Lord Himself would provide.

16 So he delivered him over to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus, 17 and he went out, bearing his own cross, to the place called The Place of a Skull, which in Aramaic is called Golgotha. 18 There they crucified him, and with him two others, one on either side, and Jesus between them. 19 Pilate also wrote an inscription and put it on the cross. It read, “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.” 20 Many of the Jews read this inscription, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Aramaic, in Latin, and in Greek.

John 19:16–20 (ESV)

Continuing with Genesis, we again hear from the "angel of the Lord," speaking as if He were God.

15 And the angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven 16 and said, “By myself I have sworn, declares the Lord, because you have done this and have not withheld your son, your only son, 17 I will surely bless you, and I will surely multiply your offspring as the stars of heaven and as the sand that is on the seashore. And your offspring shall possess the gate of his enemies, 18 and in your offspring shall all the nations of the earth be blessed, because you have obeyed my voice.”

Genesis 22:15–18 (ESV)

Notice a few things here.  First, God swears by Himself, since there is no higher authority.

13 For when God made a promise to Abraham, since he had no one greater by whom to swear, he swore by himself, 14 saying, “Surely I will bless you and multiply you.” 15 And thus Abraham, having patiently waited, obtained the promise. 16 For people swear by something greater than themselves, and in all their disputes an oath is final for confirmation. 17 So when God desired to show more convincingly to the heirs of the promise the unchangeable character of his purpose, he guaranteed it with an oath, 18 so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.

Hebrews 6:13–18 (ESV)

It is impossible for God to lie.  We find Jesus Christ embodies that same attribute.

6 Jesus said to him, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.

John 14:6 (ESV)

20 And we know that the Son of God has come and has given us understanding, so that we may know him who is true; and we are in him who is true, in his Son Jesus Christ. He is the true God and eternal life.

1 John 5:20 (ESV)

Secondly, we find Abraham believed God’s promises while in the process of sacrificing Isaac.

17 By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises was in the act of offering up his only son, 18 of whom it was said, “Through Isaac shall your offspring be named.” 19 He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead, from which, figuratively speaking, he did receive him back.

Hebrews 11:17–19 (ESV)

This brings us right back to "on the third day" from earlier.  Recall how it was a three-day for Abraham and Isaac to Moriah.  For those three days, in a sense, Isaac was already dead to Abraham.  As noted in Hebrews, God figuratively raised Isaac from the dead on the third day.  This points us right back to Jesus Christ again, perhaps continuing to provide more meaning for exactly what Luke describes in his gospel.

45 Then he opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, 46 and said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and on the third day rise from the dead,

Luke 24:45–46 (ESV)

Thirdly, we find the offspring "shall possess the gate of his enemies."  John the Baptist’s father later confirms this in his prophecy through the Holy Spirit regarding Jesus, as does Paul in his letter to the Corinthians.

71 that we should be saved from our enemies and from the hand of all who hate us; 72 to show the mercy promised to our fathers and to remember his holy covenant, 73 the oath that he swore to our father Abraham, to grant us 74 that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies, might serve him without fear,

Luke 1:71–74 (ESV)

24 Then comes the end, when he delivers the kingdom to God the Father after destroying every rule and every authority and power. 25 For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet. 26 The last enemy to be destroyed is death.

1 Corinthians 15:24–26 (ESV)

Finally, in the Genesis passage we find all the nations would be blessed through Abraham’s offspring, Jesus Christ… even us Gentiles.

7 Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham. 8 And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” 9 So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.

Galatians 3:7–9 (ESV)

In summary, we have found Genesis 22 to be a wonderful type/picture, as well as prophecy, of the sacrifice Jesus Christ would willingly make for us on the cross.

  • Genesis 22:1-2 – type/picture – Jesus is God’s beloved Son
  • Genesis 22:2, 14 – prophecy – Mount Moriah possibly the location of Jesus Christ’s crucifixion, where God would "provide"
  • Genesis 22:3-4 – type/picture – Jesus Christ was raised on the third day
  • Genesis 22:5-6 – type/picture – Jesus Christ carried His own cross
  • Genesis 22:7-8 – type/picture and prophecy – Jesus Christ, Lamb of God, sacrificed for us
  • Genesis 22:9 – type/picture – Jesus Christ went to the cross willingly
  • Genesis 22:10-12 – appearance – Jesus Christ as the angel of the Lord
  • Genesis 22:13 – type/picture – Jesus Christ went to the cross under His own power
  • Genesis 22:15-18 – appearance – Jesus Christ as the angel of the Lord
  • Genesis 22:16 – type/picture – God would sacrifice and resurrect Jesus Christ, not withholding His only son
  • Genesis 22:17 – prophecy – Jesus Christ will conquer all His enemies
  • Genesis 22:18 – prophecy – all nations will be blessed through Jesus Christ

This passage is no longer a case for me of questioning why God could ask such a "horrible" thing of someone, but is all about Jesus Christ, through and through.  It points to Jesus Christ and shows us how much God loves us and how much He had to willingly pay for us.  God is good, even to such sinners as us.  Now that’s something to be thankful for this holiday season. 

I hope this chapter of Genesis is a far richer historical event for you now, as it has become for me.  See you next time.

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